Textile Dyeing Viva Questions and Answers:
You should have a clear concept about the whole processes of the textile wet processing sector if you want to get a better job here. You have to face a lot of critical questions on the viva board. If you have great preparation then easily deliver those answers. This article has presented 50 important questions and answers from the textile dyeing industry. Hope it will be very effective for you.
Different Terms and Definitions of Wet Processing Technology:
1. What is wet processing?
The process which is used for de-sizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing, and finishing is termed wet processing.
2. What do you mean by the hardness of water?
The property of the water for which it does not form foam easily without a lot of soap is the known hardness of the water. It has two types named temporary hardness and permanent hardness.
3. What is PPM?
The number of grains of calcium carbonate which is present in one million grains of water is termed as PPM.
4. What do you mean by the degree of hardness?
The number of grains of calcium carbonates which is present in 70000 grains of water is known as the degree of hardness of the water.
5. What is water softening?
To remove the impurities of hard water by some desirable process is known as water softening.
6. What is soap?
Soap is a metallic salt of saturated or unsaturated higher fatty acid. There may be Pb, Mg, Ca, or another metallic salt.
7. What is detergent?
The compound which gets orient at the interface between water and air and reduces interfacial tension or surface is known as detergent. It is mainly two types named ionic and non-ionic.
8. What is an enzyme?
It is one type of bio catalyst. It is based on protein. It is soluble in water but insoluble in acid and alkali.
9. What is Chroma?
The dullness of vividness of color describing is known as Chroma.
10. What is the shade?
The meaning of shade is concentration. Usually, the depth of the tone of color is known as shade. It is three types such as light shade, medium shade, and deep shade.
11. What is pigment?
It is normally a substance in particulate form which is substantially insoluble in a medium but which can be mechanically dispersed in this medium to modify its color and light.
12. What is stripping?
If the textile goods become uneven dyeing and insoluble for using then the color has to be distorted. The process to destroying of removing dye or finish from fibers or fabrics is known as stripping.
13. What is topping?
The application of further colorant not necessarily of the same hue or class to a dyed substance in order to adjust the latter to the desired final color is known as the topping.
14. What do you mean by after treatment?
The process which is used for proper and perfect dyeing action is known as after treatment. In the case of direct dye, after treatment is done for increasing light fastness and washes fastness of dyed materials. Dye particle is done insoluble in the fiber after treatment.
15. What is vatting?
The action which helps insoluble vat dyes to be used by soluble is called vatting.
16. What is thickener?
It used in textile printing which is the main part of high molecular weight compounds giving viscose paste in water. Thickener imparts stickiness and plasticity to the printing paste so that it can be applied to a fabric surface without color spreading.
17. What is viscosity?
It is the ratio of shear stress to the rate of shearing.
18. What is shear stress?
The ratio of the force to the area of shearing is known as shear stress.
19. What is the shear rate?
The ratio of the velocity to the clearance is known as shear rate.
20. What is aging?
It is consisting of exposing printing goods to more or less prolonged action of steam at atmospheric pressure to assist in the diffusion and fixation of the dyes.
21. What is steaming?
This consists of submitting printed fabrics to the action of steam for a varying periods at various pressure.
22. What is hue?
The attribute of color whereby it is recognized as being predominantly red, green, blue, yellow, violet, brown etc. in simple words, the color of color is hue.
23. What do you mean by dyeing affinity?
The affinity of dye to the fiber is known as textile dyeing affinity.
24. What is substrate?
A material to which dyes and chemicals may be applied.
25. What is additive color?
It is a mixture of colored light. The three primary colors of red, green and blue when mixed together is equal proportions then produce white light. Mixing the three additives primaries in differing amounts can create any color in the rainbow. Color televisions use the principle of additive color mixing.
26. What is blotch print?
Prints where both the background and motif color are printed into the fabric using a direct printing process.
27. What is brand?
A trade name identifying a manufacturer or product.
28. What is color forecasting?
The selection of ranges of color that are deemed to be those that will be wanted for a particular product or market at a particular time in the future.
29. What is color palette?
It is a range of selected colors that will usually consist of groups of colors, chosen with regard to trends and predicated directions.
30. What is color recipe?
List of component chemicals and pigments or dyestuff with relative quantities required to produce the desired color.
31. What is consumer textile?
Textile not falling into the categories of apparel, furnishing, household, and industrial, tents and backpacks may be referred to as consumer textile.
32. What is fashion color?
Color within a color range perceived as being fashionable.
33. What is flocking?
The application of short fibers to a base fabric by the direct printing of adhesive onto the fabric in the desired areas and then sticking the fibers to these areas.
34. What is geo-textile?
A textile used in soil-based applications such as road building, dams, and erosion control.
35. What is grey cloth?
Un-dyed and unfinished fabrics straight from the loom are known as grey cloth or grey fabric.
36. What is industrial textile?
Textile product group that includes car tires, medical textiles, geo-textile, conveyor or bet, car safety belts, and parachute cord.
37. What is voile?
Lightweight, open plain weave is known as voile.
38. What is tie-dye?
It is a method of patterning fabric by tyring areas of fabric and then dying.
39. What is stentering?
A controlled straightening and stretching process.
40. What is screen printing?
It is a method of printing whereby the color is applied by what is essentially a stenciling process.
41. What is roller printing?
It is a method of printing fabric that uses engraved copper rollers.
42. What is over dyeing?
When dyeing takes place on top of a previous coloring process.
43. What is furnishing?
Product group including curtains, upholstery fabrics, carpets, and wall coverings.
44. What is crocking?
It is the method of transferring color by rubbing.
45. What is all over design?
Design with balanced motifs that recur regularly within the repeat unit. The motifs cover the fabric with little ground showing.
46. What do you mean by a balanced colorway?
When the colors change but total relationships of the color within the designs stay the same, giving the same overall visual effect.
47. What do you mean by dyeing assistance?
The assistance which is added in the dyeing bath for which dyeing affinity is increased is known as dyeing assistance.
48. What is chromophore?
The part of the molecular structure of an organic dye or pigment responsible for color is known as the chromophore.
49. What do you mean by C.M.S?
In the textile dyeing industry, C.M.S stands for carboxyl methylcellulose.
50. What is the abbreviation of T.R.O?
The abbreviation of T.R.O is Turkey red Oil.
