Definition of Fabric | Fabric Characteristics | Characteristics of Textile Materials | Characteristics of Textile Products
What is Fabric?
A manufactured assembly of fibres or yarns that has substantial surface area in relation to its thickness and sufficient cohesion to give the assembly useful mechanical strength is known as fabric.
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| Textile woven fabric |
Factors Affected on Fabric Characteristics:
There are some key factors which are affected on fabric characteristics, those are pointed out in the below:
- Fibre properties,
- Yarn properties,
- Fabric construction,
- Weave structure,
- Basic knit structure,
- Fabric engineering,
- Fabric finishing.
All the above factors have deeply discussed in the following:
1. Fiber properties or characteristics:
- Molecular weight,
- Chemical content,
- Molecular arrangement.
2. Yarn characteristics:
- Twist per inch i.e. TPI,
- Fibre arrangement,
- Fibre characteristics.
3. Fabric construction:
- Weft count,
- Warp count,
- Picks per inch i.e. PPI,
- Ends per inch i.e. EPI.
4. Weave structure:
- Twill,
- Plain,
- Satin,
- Derivatives.
5. Fabric engineering:
- Yarn crimp,
- Yarn specification,
- Weave structure,
- Fabric specification.
6. Basic knit structure:
- Rib,
- Plain,
- Interlock,
- Purl,
- Derivatives.
7. Fabric finishing:
- Electrical finishing,
- Physical or mechanical finishing,
- Physio chemical finishing.
Properties of Textile Materials or Products:
Some key properties of textile products or materials have discussed in the below:
- Elasticity,
- Lusture,
- Drape,
- Abrasion resistance,
- Pliability,
- Air permeability,
- Thermal properties,
- Electrical properties,
- Softness,
- Stiffness,
- Compressibility,
- Crease recovery,
- Frictional or surface characteristics,
- Handle,
- Regain,
- Strength,
- Degradation,
- Absorbency,
- Thickness,
- Durability,
- Weight.
End Product:
There are a lot of end products such as-
- Pants,
- Shirts,
- Sweater,
- Curtain,
- T-shirt,
- Shoes etc.
