What is Wet Processing in Textile?
Wet processing is one of the most important parts of textile processing. This process is applied to textile in form of liquid which involves some chemical action on the textile. Bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc. are the parts of wet processing. This article has presented the process sequence of wet processing for cotton goods or fabric.
Process Sequence of Wet Processing for Cotton Goods:
Grey cloth
↓
Stitching and sewing
↓
Shearing and seropping
↓
Brushing
↓
Singeing
↓
Desizing
↓
Scouring
↓
Bleaching
↓
Souring
↓
↓
Drying
↓
Mercerizing
↓
Dyeing
↓
After treatment
↓
Printing
↓
Fixing or curing
↓
After treatment
↓
Finishing
↓
Inspection
↓
Packing
↓
Baling
All the above processes have discussed in the below table:
S.L No. | Process | Procedure |
01 | Grey cloth | The undyed and unfinished cloth is called grey cloth. |
02 | Stitching and sewing | It is the process to join up several grey cloths on to wrappers beam to produce a continuous fabric stand for quick wet processing action. Sewing is a process to attach two or more parts of fabric by needle and threads. |
03 | Shearing and seropping | The process to cut out extra warp or weft end from the surface of the fabric is known as shearing or seropping. |
04 | Brushing | It is a process to remove dirt and dust, small fibers, and other additional substances by brush before singeing. |
05 | Singeing | The process by which the projecting of floating fibers stand out on the fabric surfaces are burnt off is known as singeing. |
06 | Desizing | The process to remove the sizing material from the fabric is known as desizing. |
07 | Scouring | The process to remove the fats, oil, and waxy substances and added other impurities by a certain percent of alkali and which increases the absorbency power of the textile goods is known as scouring. |
08 | Bleaching | The process by which the natural color of a fiber can be removed and make the textile materials pure white and bright is known as bleaching. |
09 | Souring | The treatment by which the hydrochloric acid or dilute sulphuric acid for removing alkali or neutralization of alkali is known as souring. |
10 | Washing | To wash the textile materials. |
11 | Drying | After washing the textile material is then dried. |
12 | Mercerizing | It is the process in which the cotton materials are passed with 20-22% NaOH or 55-60% Tw (Towdel) concentrated of NaOH for 2-3 minutes at room temperature. |
13 | Dyeing | The process by which textile material is changed physically or chemically so that it looks mono uniform colored is called dyeing. |
15 | Printing | Printing is one kind of dyeing though there is some basic difference between dyeing and printing. When different types of color are used to make a particular design on the textile goods are called printing. Normally printing is performed on the textile goods in dry condition. |
16 | Fixing or curing | To fix up the dyestuff into the textile materials is known as fixing. |
17 | After treatment | The process is used for proper and perfect dyeing action. For example, in the case of direct dye, after treatment is performed to increase ing light fastness of dyed materials. |
18 | Finishing | Finishing is a process to give the proper quality of textile materials at the end of the wet processing depending on the customers. |
19 | Inspection | Measuring, testing characteristics of a product or service, and comparing those with the specified requirement to determine comfortably is called inspection. |
20 | Packing | To pack the textile materials treated by the polyethylene bag. |
21 | Baling | To bail the textile materials. |
